The first image consists of portraits of maskilim (Jewish Enlightenment thinkers and writers). Y. L. Gordon is pictured in the top right. The second image is the cover of the Hebrew periodical HaKarmel, in which "Awake, My People!" was first published. When its first issue was published in 1860 in Vilnius, HaKarmel became the first Hebrew-language weekly newspaper in Russia.

Suggested Activity: Have students look at the maskilim portraits and consider the following questions: What physical characteristics do all of these maskilim have in common? How would you describe them as a group? What might you infer about the haskalah from these images?

Then have students study the cover of HaKarmel. Which languages appear on the image? What kind of design aesthetic is used? If anyone in the class is able to read any of text, ask them to share what information they can? Even if no one can read the Hebrew or Russian, what can be gleaned about the haskalah from this cover, and how might this relate to "Awake, My People!"?